Transcription factor p65 (NFκB p65) is a pleiotropic transcription factor which is present in almost all cell types and is involved in many biological processed such as inflammation, immunity, differentiation, cell growth, tumorigenesis and apoptosis. NFκB p65 is a homo- or heterodimeric complex formed by the Rel-like domain-containing proteins RELA/p65, RELB, NFκB1/p105, NFκB1/p50, REL and NFκB2/p52 and the heterodimeric p65-p50 complex appears to be most abundant one. The dimers bind at kappa-B sites in the DNA of their target genes and the individual dimers have distinct preferences for different kappa-B sites in that they can bind with distinguishable affinity and specificity. Phosphorylation on Ser-536 stimulates acetylation on Lys-310 and interaction with CBP; the phosphorylated and acetylated forms show enhanced transcriptional activity.
