NRAS， Also known as N-ras and NRAS1, it is a homolog of the neuroblastoma ras virus (v-ras) oncogene in the mammalian ras gene family and a member of the small GTPase superfamily. NRAS encodes small GTPases, which regulate cell cycle, proliferation, maturation, and differentiation by transducing signals from membrane localized receptor tyrosine kinases to the nucleus. NRAS plays an important role in EGFR mediated RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways. NRAS, as a proto oncogene, has also been shown to be associated with the tumor immune microenvironment (TIM) both in vivo and in vitro. The mutation of NRAS leads to sustained activation of Ras GTP, thereby promoting tumor occurrence and metastasis. NRAS plays a negative prognostic role in many somatic malignancies, such as melanoma, colorectal cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
